4^th World Congress and Exhibition on Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance June 14-15, 2018 Barcelona, Spain

After a successful conference of Antibiotics 2017, we are currently bringing forth “4^th World Congress and Exhibition on Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance” (Antibiotics 2018) slated on June 14-15, 2018 at Barcelona, Spain. Antibiotics 2018 aims to gather the most elegant societies and industries along with the renowned and honorable persons from top universities across the globe.

Antibiotics 2018 covers various aspects of Antibiotics, The Emergence of Antimicrobial resistance,  Different Types of Antibiotics, Applications of Antibiotics, Antibiotic Resistance: Opportunities and Challenges, Antibiotics for Various Diseases and Infections, Antibiotic Prophylaxis, Antibiotics: In Pregnancy and Lactation, Antibiotics in Different Industries, Modern Antibiotics: Emerging trends, Barriers and Opportunities, Drug Discovery and Novel Delivery Technologies, Antibiotics for Emerging and Re-emerging Diseases, Micro Organisms in Recent Drug Discovery, Clinical Trials of Antibiotics, Antibiotics and Mechanism, Antibiotic Regulatory Affairs and Antibiotics Market Analysis and Business Opportunities.

Track 1: Antibiotics

Antibiotics are a type of antimicrobials that are used in treatment and prevention of bacterial infections. They may kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria. Many antibiotics are also effective against protozoans and fungi; some are toxic to humans and animals also, even when given in therapeutic dosage. Antibiotics are not effective against viruses such as common cold or influenza, and may be harmful when taken inappropriately. Physicians must ensure the patient has a bacterial infection before prescribing antibiotics.

Antibiotics Conferences | Antibiotics Meetings | Antibiotic Resistance Conferences | Antibiotics 2018 Conferences

Relevant Conferences:

8^th Global Summit on Microbiology during February 22-23, 2018 at Paris, France; 12^th Congress on Pharmaceutical Sciences during February 26- 27, 2018 at London, UK; 5^th Congress on Infectious Diseases during March 1-2, 2018 at Berlin, Germany;  7^th European Biosimilars Congress during April 26-27, 2018 at Rome, Italy; 13^th European Pharma Congress during May 07-09, 2018 at Frankfurt, Germany; 9^th Conference on Pharmacovigilance during Jun 21-22, 2018 at London, UK; 9^th Meeting on Neuropharmacology during Jun 18-19, 2018 at Paris, France; 10^th Congress on Pharmacology during Jul 30-Aug 01, 2018 at Barcelona, Spain; 6^th Conference on Advanced Clinical Research and Clinical Trials during September 10-11, 2018 at Zurich, Switzerland; 9^th European Immunology Conference during June 14-16, 2018 at Rome, Italy

New Antibacterial Discovery Conference during March 11-16, 2018 at California, USA; Fighting Antibiotic Resistance Conference during March 19-21 2018, at Paris, France; 28^th European Congress on Clinical Microbiology Conference during April 21- 24 2018 at Madrid, Spain; ASM Microbe Conference 2018 during June 7-11 at Atlanta, USA; Bacterial Persistence and Antimicrobial Therapy Conference during June 10- 14, 2018 at Ascona, Switzerland

Related Societies:

Societies in USA:

Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics (APUA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Transatlantic task force on urgent antimicrobial resistance (TATFAR), Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership (GARP), Center for a Livable Future (CLF), Infectious Diseases Society of America

Societies in Europe:

The World Alliance Against Antibiotic Resistance (WAAAR), Antibiotic Research UK (ANTRUK), BEAM Alliance (Biotechs from Europe innovating in anti-microbial resistance), ReAct – Action on Antibiotics, Compassion in World Farming (CIWF),

Societies in Asia and Pacific:

Australian Society of Antimicrobials, Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases, The Philippine Society for Microbiology, Israel Society for Microbiology (ISM), Chinese Society for Microbiology (CSM), Iranian Society of Microbiology

Track 2: The Emergence of Antimicrobial Resistance

Antibiotic resistance invoke especially to the resistance to antibiotics that occurs in common bacteria that cause infection. The easy approach and capability of Antibiotics led to overuse in live-stock raising promotes bacteria to flourish resistance. This led to comprehensive problems with antibiotic resistance. World Health Organization (WHO) classified antimicrobial resistance as a serious hazard and no longer a indicator for the future.  Antibiotic resistance is now among every part of the world and its stirring everyone irrespective to the age. When infections become resistant to first-line drugs, more costly therapies must be used. A longer duration of illness and treatment, often in hospitals, increases health care costs as well as the financial burden on families and societies. To help prevent the development of current and future bacterial resistance, it is essential to prescribe antibiotics according to the principles of antimicrobial stewardship, such as specify antibiotics only when they are needed.   

Antibiotics Conferences | Antibiotics Meetings | Antibiotic Resistance Conferences | Antibiotics 2018 Conferences

Relevant Conferences:

12^th Congress on Pharmaceutical Sciences during February 26- 27, 2018 at London, UK; 5^th Congress on Infectious Diseases during March 1-2, 2018 at Berlin, Germany;  7^th European Biosimilars Congress during April 26-27, 2018 at Rome, Italy; 13^th European Pharma Congress during May 07-09, 2018 at Frankfurt, Germany; 9^th Conference on Pharmacovigilance during Jun 21-22, 2018 at London, UK; 9^th Meeting on Neuropharmacology during Jun 18-19, 2018 at Paris, France; 10^th Congress on Pharmacology during Jul 30-Aug 01, 2018 at Barcelona, Spain; 6^th Conference on Advanced Clinical Research and Clinical Trials during September 10-11, 2018 at Zurich, Switzerland; 9^th European Immunology Conference during June 14-16, 2018 at Rome, Italy; 8^th Global Summit on Microbiology during February 22-23, 2018 at Paris, France

Fighting Antibiotic Resistance Conference during March 19-21 2018, at Paris, France; 28^th European Congress on Clinical Microbiology Conference during April 21- 24 2018 at Madrid, Spain; ASM Microbe Conference 2018 during June 7-11 at Atlanta, USA; Bacterial Persistence and Antimicrobial Therapy Conference during June 10- 14, 2018 at Ascona, Switzerland; New Antibacterial Discovery Conference during March 11-16, 2018 at California, USA

Related Societies:

Societies in USA:

Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics (APUA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Transatlantic task force on urgent antimicrobial resistance (TATFAR), Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership (GARP), Center for a Livable Future (CLF), Infectious Diseases Society of America

Societies in Europe:

The World Alliance Against Antibiotic Resistance (WAAAR), Antibiotic Research UK (ANTRUK), BEAM Alliance (Biotechs from Europe innovating in anti-microbial resistance), ReAct – Action on Antibiotics, Compassion in World Farming (CIWF),

Societies in Asia and Pacific:

Australian Society of Antimicrobials, Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases, The Philippine Society for Microbiology, Israel Society for Microbiology (ISM), Chinese Society for Microbiology (CSM), Iranian Society of Microbiology

Track 3: Antibiotic Resistance: Opportunities and Challenges

Certain bacterial infections now oppose all antibiotics. The resistance problem may be reversible, but only if society begins to acknowledge how the drugs affect "good" bacteria as well as "bad". Historically, most antibacterials were used in hospitals, where they were integrated into surgical clothes and soaps to limit the spread of infection. More recently, however, those substances (including  triclosan, triclocarbon and such quaternary ammonium compounds as benzalkonium chloride) have been mixed into lotions, dish-washing detergents and soaps meant for general consumers. They have also been impregnated into such items as cutting boards, toys, high chairs and mattress pads. 

Antibiotics Conferences | Antibiotics Meetings | Antibiotic Resistance Conferences | Antibiotics 2018 Conferences

Relevant Conferences:

5^th Congress on Infectious Diseases during March 1-2, 2018 at Berlin, Germany;  7^th European Biosimilars Congress during April 26-27, 2018 at Rome, Italy; 13^th European Pharma Congress during May 07-09, 2018 at Frankfurt, Germany; 9^th Conference on Pharmacovigilance during Jun 21-22, 2018 at London, UK; 9^th Meeting on Neuropharmacology during Jun 18-19, 2018 at Paris, France; 10^th Congress on Pharmacology during Jul 30-Aug 01, 2018 at Barcelona, Spain; 6^th Conference on Advanced Clinical Research and Clinical Trials during September 10-11, 2018 at Zurich, Switzerland; 9^th European Immunology Conference during June 14-16, 2018 at Rome, Italy; 8^th Global Summit on Microbiology during February 22-23, 2018 at Paris, France; 12^th Congress on Pharmaceutical Sciences during February 26- 27, 2018 at London, UK

28^th European Congress on Clinical Microbiology Conference during April 21- 24 2018 at Madrid, Spain; ASM Microbe Conference 2018 during June 7-11 at Atlanta, USA; Bacterial Persistence and Antimicrobial Therapy Conference during June 10- 14, 2018 at Ascona, Switzerland; New Antibacterial Discovery Conference during March 11-16, 2018 at California, USA; Fighting Antibiotic Resistance Conference during March 19-21 2018, at Paris, France

Related Societies:

Societies in USA:

Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics (APUA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Transatlantic task force on urgent antimicrobial resistance (TATFAR), Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership (GARP), Center for a Livable Future (CLF), Infectious Diseases Society of America

Societies in Europe:

The World Alliance Against Antibiotic Resistance (WAAAR), Antibiotic Research UK (ANTRUK), BEAM Alliance (Biotechs from Europe innovating in anti-microbial resistance), ReAct – Action on Antibiotics, Compassion in World Farming (CIWF),

Societies in Asia and Pacific:

Australian Society of Antimicrobials, Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases, The Philippine Society for Microbiology, Israel Society for Microbiology (ISM), Chinese Society for Microbiology (CSM), Iranian Society of Microbiology

Track 4: Different Types of Antibiotics

Antibiotics are also noted as antibacterials, are types of medications that destroy or slow down the growth of bacteria. Alexander Fleming discovered first penicillin, the first chemical compound with antibiotic properties. Some of the common antibiotics are Aminoglycosides, Cephalosporins, Carbapenems, Macrolides, Penicillin, Quinolones, Sulfonamides and, Tetracyclines etc. General fundamentals of antibiotic prescribing are use: First-line antibiotics first, Reserve broad spectrum antibiotics for marked circumstances only, prescribe antibiotics for bacterial infections if Symptoms are significant or severe.

Antibiotics Conferences | Antibiotics Meetings | Antibiotic Resistance Conferences | Antibiotics 2018 Conferences

Relevant Conferences:

13^th European Pharma Congress during May 07-09, 2018 at Frankfurt, Germany; 9^th Conference on Pharmacovigilance during Jun 21-22, 2018 at London, UK; 9^th Meeting on Neuropharmacology during Jun 18-19, 2018 at Paris, France; 10^th Congress on Pharmacology during Jul 30-Aug 01, 2018 at Barcelona, Spain; 6^th Conference on Advanced Clinical Research and Clinical Trials during September 10-11, 2018 at Zurich, Switzerland; 9^th European Immunology Conference during June 14-16, 2018 at Rome, Italy; 8^th Global Summit on Microbiology during February 22-23, 2018 at Paris, France; 12^th Congress on Pharmaceutical Sciences during February 26- 27, 2018 at London, UK; 5^th Congress on Infectious Diseases during March 1-2, 2018 at Berlin, Germany;  7^th European Biosimilars Congress during April 26-27, 2018 at Rome, Italy

Bacterial Persistence and Antimicrobial Therapy Conference during June 10- 14, 2018 at Ascona, Switzerland; New Antibacterial Discovery Conference during March 11-16, 2018 at California, USA; Fighting Antibiotic Resistance Conference during March 19-21 2018, at Paris, France; 28^th European Congress on Clinical Microbiology Conference during April 21- 24 2018 at Madrid, Spain; ASM Microbe Conference 2018 during June 7-11 at Atlanta, USA

Related Societies:

Societies in USA:

Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics (APUA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Transatlantic task force on urgent antimicrobial resistance (TATFAR), Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership (GARP), Center for a Livable Future (CLF), Infectious Diseases Society of America

Societies in Europe:

The World Alliance Against Antibiotic Resistance (WAAAR), Antibiotic Research UK (ANTRUK), BEAM Alliance (Biotechs from Europe innovating in anti-microbial resistance), ReAct – Action on Antibiotics, Compassion in World Farming (CIWF),

Societies in Asia and Pacific:

Australian Society of Antimicrobials, Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases, The Philippine Society for Microbiology, Israel Society for Microbiology (ISM), Chinese Society for Microbiology (CSM), Iranian Society of Microbiology

Track 5: Applications of Antibiotics

Choice of relevant antibiotics is presently based on individual patient need.  Preservation of bacterial sensitivity needs perceptive of how antibiotics select resistance. ‘Ten commandments’ which might be considered carefully when a preference has to be made for antibiotic prescribing.  The compelling importance of the fact that all healthcare personnel should take ownership of the need to specify accordingly and to practice effective infection control.  A realization that antibiotics may not be competent for the tasks required of them and eventually, with widespread resistance, may be incapable of the task they do today.

Antibiotics Conferences | Antibiotics Meetings | Antibiotic Resistance Conferences | Antibiotics 2018 Conferences

Relevant Conferences:

9^th Meeting on Neuropharmacology during Jun 18-19, 2018 at Paris, France; 10^th Congress on Pharmacology during Jul 30-Aug 01, 2018 at Barcelona, Spain; 6^th Conference on Advanced Clinical Research and Clinical Trials during September 10-11, 2018 at Zurich, Switzerland; 9^th European Immunology Conference during June 14-16, 2018 at Rome, Italy; 8^th Global Summit on Microbiology during February 22-23, 2018 at Paris, France; 12^th Congress on Pharmaceutical Sciences during February 26- 27, 2018 at London, UK; 5^th Congress on Infectious Diseases during March 1-2, 2018 at Berlin, Germany;  7^th European Biosimilars Congress during April 26-27, 2018 at Rome, Italy; 13^th European Pharma Congress during May 07-09, 2018 at Frankfurt, Germany; 9^th Conference on Pharmacovigilance during Jun 21-22, 2018 at London, UK

New Antibacterial Discovery Conference during March 11-16, 2018 at California, USA; Fighting Antibiotic Resistance Conference during March 19-21 2018, at Paris, France; 28^th European Congress on Clinical Microbiology Conference during April 21- 24 2018 at Madrid, Spain; ASM Microbe Conference 2018 during June 7-11 at Atlanta, USA; Bacterial Persistence and Antimicrobial Therapy Conference during June 10- 14, 2018 at Ascona, Switzerland

Related Societies:

Societies in USA:

Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics (APUA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Transatlantic task force on urgent antimicrobial resistance (TATFAR), Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership (GARP), Center for a Livable Future (CLF), Infectious Diseases Society of America

Societies in Europe:

The World Alliance Against Antibiotic Resistance (WAAAR), Antibiotic Research UK (ANTRUK), BEAM Alliance (Biotechs from Europe innovating in anti-microbial resistance), ReAct – Action on Antibiotics, Compassion in World Farming (CIWF),

Societies in Asia and Pacific:

Australian Society of Antimicrobials, Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases, The Philippine Society for Microbiology, Israel Society for Microbiology (ISM), Chinese Society for Microbiology (CSM), Iranian Society of Microbiology

 Track 6: Antibiotics for Various Diseases and Infections

Antibiotics are amidst the most regularly recommended medications in modern medicine. Antibiotics are useless against viral infections. When you take antibiotics, follow the guidelines carefully. It is important to finish your medicine even if you feel improved. If you stop treatment too soon, some bacteria may survive and re-infect you. Do not save antibiotics for later or use someone else's prescription.

Antibiotics Conferences | Antibiotics Meetings | Antibiotic Resistance Conferences | Antibiotics 2018 Conferences

Relevant Conferences:

6^th Conference on Advanced Clinical Research and Clinical Trials during September 10-11, 2018 at Zurich, Switzerland; 9^th European Immunology Conference during June 14-16, 2018 at Rome, Italy; 8^th Global Summit on Microbiology during February 22-23, 2018 at Paris, France; 12^th Congress on Pharmaceutical Sciences during February 26- 27, 2018 at London, UK; 5^th Congress on Infectious Diseases during March 1-2, 2018 at Berlin, Germany;  Antibiotics Conferences 2018 USA; 7^th European Biosimilars Congress during April 26-27, 2018 at Rome, Italy; 13^th European Pharma Congress during May 07-09, 2018 at Frankfurt, Germany; 9^th Conference on Pharmacovigilance during Jun 21-22, 2018 at London, UK; 9^th Meeting on Neuropharmacology during Jun 18-19, 2018 at Paris, France; 10^th Congress on Pharmacology during Jul 30-Aug 01, 2018 at Barcelona, Spain

Fighting Antibiotic Resistance Conference during March 19-21 2018, at Paris, France; 28^th European Congress on Clinical Microbiology Conference during April 21- 24 2018 at Madrid, Spain; Antibiotics Conferences 2018 Asia; Antibiotics Conferences 2018 Asia; ASM Microbe Conference 2018 during June 7-11 at Atlanta, USA; Bacterial Persistence and Antimicrobial Therapy Conference during June 10- 14, 2018 at Ascona, Switzerland; New Antibacterial Discovery Conference during March 11-16, 2018 at California, USA

Related Societies:

Societies in USA:

Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics (APUA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Transatlantic task force on urgent antimicrobial resistance (TATFAR), Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership (GARP), Center for a Livable Future (CLF), Infectious Diseases Society of America

Societies in Europe:

The World Alliance Against Antibiotic Resistance (WAAAR), Antibiotic Research UK (ANTRUK), BEAM Alliance (Biotechs from Europe innovating in anti-microbial resistance), ReAct – Action on Antibiotics, Compassion in World Farming (CIWF),

Societies in Asia and Pacific:

Australian Society of Antimicrobials, Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases, The Philippine Society for Microbiology, Israel Society for Microbiology (ISM), Chinese Society for Microbiology (CSM), Iranian Society of Microbiology

Track 7: Antibiotic Prophylaxis

Antimicrobial prophylaxis is generally used by clinicians for the prevention of numerous infectious diseases. Optimal antimicrobial agents for prophylaxis should be nontoxic, inexpensive, bactericidal and active against the typical pathogens that can motive surgical site infection postoperatively. To maximize its effectiveness, intravenous perioperative prophylaxis should be carried out within 30 to 60 minutes before the surgical incision. Antimicrobial prophylaxis should be of short time to downturn toxicity and antimicrobial resistance and to reduce cost.

Antibiotics Conferences | Antibiotics Meetings | Antibiotic Resistance Conferences | Antibiotics 2018 Conferences

Relevant Conferences:

8^th Global Summit on Microbiology during February 22-23, 2018 at Paris, France; 12^th Congress on Pharmaceutical Sciences during February 26- 27, 2018 at London, UK; 5^th Congress on Infectious Diseases during March 1-2, 2018 at Berlin, Germany;  7^th European Biosimilars Congress during April 26-27, 2018 at Rome, Italy; 13^th European Pharma Congress during May 07-09, 2018 at Frankfurt, Germany; 9^th Conference on Pharmacovigilance during Jun 21-22, 2018 at London, UK; 9^th Meeting on Neuropharmacology during Jun 18-19, 2018 at Paris, France; 10^th Congress on Pharmacology during Jul 30-Aug 01, 2018 at Barcelona, Spain; 6^th Conference on Advanced Clinical Research and Clinical Trials during September 10-11, 2018 at Zurich, Switzerland; 9^th European Immunology Conference during June 14-16, 2018 at Rome, Italy; Antibiotics Conferences 2018 USA

28^th European Congress on Clinical Microbiology Conference during April 21- 24 2018 at Madrid, Spain; ASM Microbe Conference 2018 during June 7-11 at Atlanta, USA; Bacterial Persistence and Antimicrobial Therapy Conference during June 10- 14, 2018 at Ascona, Switzerland; New Antibacterial Discovery Conference during March 11-16, 2018 at California, USA; Fighting Antibiotic Resistance Conference during March 19-21 2018, at Paris, France; Antibiotics Conferences 2018 Asia

Related Societies:

Societies in USA:

Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics (APUA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Transatlantic task force on urgent antimicrobial resistance (TATFAR), Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership (GARP), Center for a Livable Future (CLF), Infectious Diseases Society of America

Societies in Europe:

The World Alliance Against Antibiotic Resistance (WAAAR), Antibiotic Research UK (ANTRUK), BEAM Alliance (Biotechs from Europe innovating in anti-microbial resistance), ReAct – Action on Antibiotics, Compassion in World Farming (CIWF),

Societies in Asia and Pacific:

Australian Society of Antimicrobials, Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases, The Philippine Society for Microbiology, Israel Society for Microbiology (ISM), Chinese Society for Microbiology (CSM), Iranian Society of Microbiology

Track 8: Antibiotics: In Pregnancy and Lactation

Antibiotics are frequently recommended during pregnancy. The specific medication must be chosen carefully, however. Some antibiotics are prescribed to take during pregnancy, while others are not. Safety depends on various factors, including the type of antibiotics, when in pregnancy you take the antibiotic, how much you take and for how long. Antibiotics normally advised safe during pregnancy:  Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Clindamycin, Erythromycin, Penicillin, Nitrofurantoin. Despite there's no direct clue that these antibiotics cause birth defects, additional research is needed. In the interim, use of these medications is still assured in some cases.

Antibiotics Conferences | Antibiotics Meetings | Antibiotic Resistance Conferences | Antibiotics 2018 Conferences

Relevant Conferences:

5^th Congress on Infectious Diseases during March 1-2, 2018 at Berlin, Germany;  Antibiotics Conferences 2018 USA; 7^th European Biosimilars Congress during April 26-27, 2018 at Rome, Italy; 13^th European Pharma Congress during May 07-09, 2018 at Frankfurt, Germany; 9^th Conference on Pharmacovigilance during Jun 21-22, 2018 at London, UK; 9^th Meeting on Neuropharmacology during Jun 18-19, 2018 at Paris, France; 10^th Congress on Pharmacology during Jul 30-Aug 01, 2018 at Barcelona, Spain; 6^th Conference on Advanced Clinical Research and Clinical Trials during September 10-11, 2018 at Zurich, Switzerland; 9^th European Immunology Conference during June 14-16, 2018 at Rome, Italy; 8^th Global Summit on Microbiology during February 22-23, 2018 at Paris, France; 12^th Congress on Pharmaceutical Sciences during February 26- 27, 2018 at London, UK

ASM Microbe Conference 2018 during June 7-11 at Atlanta, USA; Bacterial Persistence and Antimicrobial Therapy Conference during June 10- 14, 2018 at Ascona, Switzerland; Antibiotics Conferences 2018 Asia; New Antibacterial Discovery Conference during March 11-16, 2018 at California, USA; Fighting Antibiotic Resistance Conference during March 19-21 2018, at Paris, France; 28^th European Congress on Clinical Microbiology Conference during April 21- 24 2018 at Madrid, Spain

Related Societies:

 Societies in USA:

Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics (APUA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Transatlantic task force on urgent antimicrobial resistance (TATFAR), Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership (GARP), Center for a Livable Future (CLF), Infectious Diseases Society of America

Societies in Europe:

The World Alliance Against Antibiotic Resistance (WAAAR), Antibiotic Research UK (ANTRUK), BEAM Alliance (Biotechs from Europe innovating in anti-microbial resistance), ReAct – Action on Antibiotics, Compassion in World Farming (CIWF),

Societies in Asia and Pacific:

Australian Society of Antimicrobials, Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases, The Philippine Society for Microbiology, Israel Society for Microbiology (ISM), Chinese Society for Microbiology (CSM), Iranian Society of Microbiology

Track 9: Antibiotics in Different Industries

Antibiotics must be used accordingly in humans and animals because both uses share to the emergence, persistence, and escalation of resistant bacteria. Resistant bacteria in food-producing animals are of particular concern. Food animals play as a source of resistant pathogens and resistance mechanisms that can directly or indirectly result in antibiotic resistant infections in humans. Resistant bacteria may be transmitted to humans through the foods we eat. Some bacteria have turned resistant to more than one sort of antibiotic, which makes it more difficult to treat the infections they cause. Sustaining the efficiency of antibiotic drugs is vital to insulating human and animal health.

Antibiotics Conferences | Antibiotics Meetings | Antibiotic Resistance Conferences | Antibiotics 2018 Conferences

Relevant Conferences:

7^th European Biosimilars Congress during April 26-27, 2018 at Rome, Italy; 13^th European Pharma Congress during May 07-09, 2018 at Frankfurt, Germany; 9^th Conference on Pharmacovigilance during Jun 21-22, 2018 at London, UK; Antibiotics Conferences 2018 USA; 9^th Meeting on Neuropharmacology during Jun 18-19, 2018 at Paris, France; 10^th Congress on Pharmacology during Jul 30-Aug 01, 2018 at Barcelona, Spain; 6^th Conference on Advanced Clinical Research and Clinical Trials during September 10-11, 2018 at Zurich, Switzerland; 9^th European Immunology Conference during June 14-16, 2018 at Rome, Italy; 8^th Global Summit on Microbiology during February 22-23, 2018 at Paris, France; 12^th Congress on Pharmaceutical Sciences during February 26- 27, 2018 at London, UK; 5^th Congress on Infectious Diseases during March 1-2, 2018 at Berlin, Germany

Bacterial Persistence and Antimicrobial Therapy Conference during June 10- 14, 2018 at Ascona, Switzerland; Antibiotics Conferences 2018 Asia; New Antibacterial Discovery Conference during March 11-16, 2018 at California, USA; Fighting Antibiotic Resistance Conference during March 19-21 2018, at Paris, France; 28^th European Congress on Clinical Microbiology Conference during April 21- 24 2018 at Madrid, Spain; ASM Microbe Conference 2018 during June 7-11 at Atlanta, USA

Related Societies:

Societies in USA:

Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics (APUA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Transatlantic task force on urgent antimicrobial resistance (TATFAR), Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership (GARP), Center for a Livable Future (CLF), Infectious Diseases Society of America

Societies in Europe:

The World Alliance Against Antibiotic Resistance (WAAAR), Antibiotic Research UK (ANTRUK), BEAM Alliance (Biotechs from Europe innovating in anti-microbial resistance), ReAct – Action on Antibiotics, Compassion in World Farming (CIWF),

Societies in Asia and Pacific:

Australian Society of Antimicrobials, Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases, The Philippine Society for Microbiology, Israel Society for Microbiology (ISM), Chinese Society for Microbiology (CSM), Iranian Society of Microbiology

Track 11: Drug Discovery and Novel Delivery Technologies

In the prior most drugs have been invented either by identifying the active ingredient from traditional remedies or by serendipitous discovery. A new access has been to recognize how disease and infection are controlled at the molecular and physiological level and to mark specific entities based on this knowledge. The process of drug discovery involves the identification of candidates, characterization, screening, synthesis, and assays for therapeutic efficacy. Evolution of an existing drug molecule from a ordinary form to a novel delivery system can significantly improve its performance in terms of patient compliance, efficacy and safety. These days, drug delivery companies are engaged in the development of numerous platform technologies to get ambitious advantage, extend patent life, and increase market share of their products. Formerly a compound has displayed its value in these tests; it will begin the process of drug development prior to clinical trials.

Antibiotics Conferences | Antibiotics Meetings | Antibiotic Resistance Conferences | Antibiotics 2018 Conferences

Relevant Conferences:

13^th European Pharma Congress during May 07-09, 2018 at Frankfurt, Germany; 9^th Conference on Pharmacovigilance during Jun 21-22, 2018 at London, UK; 9^th Meeting on Neuropharmacology during Jun 18-19, 2018 at Paris, France; 10^th Congress on Pharmacology during Jul 30-Aug 01, 2018 at Barcelona, Spain; 6^th Conference on Advanced Clinical Research and Clinical Trials during September 10-11, 2018 at Zurich, Switzerland; Antibiotics Conferences 2018 USA; 9^th European Immunology Conference during June 14-16, 2018 at Rome, Italy; 8^th Global Summit on Microbiology during February 22-23, 2018 at Paris, France; 12^th Congress on Pharmaceutical Sciences during February 26- 27, 2018 at London, UK; 5^th Congress on Infectious Diseases during March 1-2, 2018 at Berlin, Germany; 7^th European Biosimilars Congress during April 26-27, 2018 at Rome, Italy

New Antibacterial Discovery Conference during March 11-16, 2018 at California, USA; Fighting Antibiotic Resistance Conference during March 19-21 2018, at Paris, France; 28^th European Congress on Clinical Microbiology Conference during April 21- 24 2018 at Madrid, Spain; ASM Microbe Conference 2018 during June 7-11 at Atlanta, USA; Antibiotics Conferences 2018 Asia; Bacterial Persistence and Antimicrobial Therapy Conference during June 10- 14, 2018 at Ascona, Switzerland

Related Societies:

Societies in USA:

Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics (APUA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Transatlantic task force on urgent antimicrobial resistance (TATFAR), Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership (GARP), Center for a Livable Future (CLF), Infectious Diseases Society of America

Societies in Europe:

The World Alliance Against Antibiotic Resistance (WAAAR), Antibiotic Research UK (ANTRUK), BEAM Alliance (Biotechs from Europe innovating in anti-microbial resistance), ReAct – Action on Antibiotics, Compassion in World Farming (CIWF),

Societies in Asia and Pacific:

Australian Society of Antimicrobials, Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases, The Philippine Society for Microbiology, Israel Society for Microbiology (ISM), Chinese Society for Microbiology (CSM), Iranian Society of Microbiology

Track 12: Antibiotics for Emerging and Re-emerging Diseases

New diseases are originating globally and old diseases are re-emerging as Infectious agents evolve or spread, and as changes occur in conservation, socio-economic conditions, and population patterns. Likewise, many diseases thought to be decently controlled appear to be making a revival. In developed countries, public health measures such as sewage treatment, vaccination programs, sanitation and access to good medical care-including a wide range of antibiotics-have virtually disposed traditional diseases such as tuberculosis, diphtheria and whooping cough.

Antibiotics Conferences | Antibiotics Meetings | Antibiotic Resistance Conferences | Antibiotics 2018 Conferences

Relevant Conferences:

9^th Conference on Pharmacovigilance during Jun 21-22, 2018 at London, UK; 9^th Meeting on Neuropharmacology during Jun 18-19, 2018 at Paris, France; Antibiotics Conferences 2018 USA; 10^th Congress on Pharmacology during Jul 30-Aug 01, 2018 at Barcelona, Spain; 6^th Conference on Advanced Clinical Research and Clinical Trials during September 10-11, 2018 at Zurich, Switzerland; 9^th European Immunology Conference during June 14-16, 2018 at Rome, Italy; 8^th Global Summit on Microbiology during February 22-23, 2018 at Paris, France; 12^th Congress on Pharmaceutical Sciences during February 26- 27, 2018 at London, UK; 5^th Congress on Infectious Diseases during March 1-2, 2018 at Berlin, Germany; 7^th European Biosimilars Congress during April 26-27, 2018 at Rome, Italy; 13^th European Pharma Congress during May 07-09, 2018 at Frankfurt, Germany

Fighting Antibiotic Resistance Conference during March 19-21 2018, at Paris, France; 28^th European Congress on Clinical Microbiology Conference during April 21- 24 2018 at Madrid, Spain; ASM Microbe Conference 2018 during June 7-11 at Atlanta, USA; Bacterial Persistence and Antimicrobial Therapy Conference during June 10- 14, 2018 at Ascona, Switzerland; New Antibacterial Discovery Conference during March 11-16, 2018 at California, USA; Antibiotics Conferences 2018 Asia

Related Societies:

Societies in USA:

Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics (APUA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Transatlantic task force on urgent antimicrobial resistance (TATFAR), Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership (GARP), Center for a Livable Future (CLF), Infectious Diseases Society of America

Societies in Europe:

The World Alliance Against Antibiotic Resistance (WAAAR), Antibiotic Research UK (ANTRUK), BEAM Alliance (Biotechs from Europe innovating in anti-microbial resistance), ReAct – Action on Antibiotics, Compassion in World Farming (CIWF),

Societies in Asia and Pacific:

Australian Society of Antimicrobials, Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases, The Philippine Society for Microbiology, Israel Society for Microbiology (ISM), Chinese Society for Microbiology (CSM), Iranian Society of Microbiology

Track 13: Micro Organisms in Recent Drug Discovery

Environmental microbes are a leading source of drug discovery, and several microbial products (anti-tumor products, antibiotics, immune suppressants and others) are used frequently for human therapies. Most of these products were accessed from cultivable (<1%) environmental microbes, means that the large number of microbes were not targeted for drug discovery. With the onset of new and emerging technologies, we are poised to harvest novel drugs from the so-called 'uncultivable' microbes. Multidisciplinary way of linking different technologies can assist and reform drug discovery from uncultivable microbes and inspect the current cramp of technologies and scenario to swamp such constraints that might further expand the promise of drugs from environmental microbes.

Antibiotics Conferences | Antibiotics Meetings | Antibiotic Resistance Conferences | Antibiotics 2018 Conferences

Relevant Conferences:

9^th Meeting on Neuropharmacology during Jun 18-19, 2018 at Paris, France; 10^th Congress on Pharmacology during Jul 30-Aug 01, 2018 at Barcelona, Spain; Antibiotics Conferences 2018 USA; 6^th Conference on Advanced Clinical Research and Clinical Trials during September 10-11, 2018 at Zurich, Switzerland; 9^th European Immunology Conference during June 14-16, 2018 at Rome, Italy; 8^th Global Summit on Microbiology during February 22-23, 2018 at Paris, France; 12^th Congress on Pharmaceutical Sciences during February 26- 27, 2018 at London, UK; 5^th Congress on Infectious Diseases during March 1-2, 2018 at Berlin, Germany; 7^th European Biosimilars Congress during April 26-27, 2018 at Rome, Italy; 13^th European Pharma Congress during May 07-09, 2018 at Frankfurt, Germany; 9^th Conference on Pharmacovigilance during Jun 21-22, 2018 at London, UK

28^th European Congress on Clinical Microbiology Conference during April 21- 24 2018 at Madrid, Spain; ASM Microbe Conference 2018 during June 7-11 at Atlanta, USA; Bacterial Persistence and Antimicrobial Therapy Conference during June 10- 14, 2018 at Ascona, Switzerland; Antibiotics Conferences 2018 Asia; New Antibacterial Discovery Conference during March 11-16, 2018 at California, USA; Fighting Antibiotic Resistance Conference during March 19-21 2018, at Paris, France

Related Societies:

Societies in USA:

Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics (APUA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Transatlantic task force on urgent antimicrobial resistance (TATFAR), Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership (GARP), Center for a Livable Future (CLF), Infectious Diseases Society of America

Societies in Europe:

The World Alliance Against Antibiotic Resistance (WAAAR), Antibiotic Research UK (ANTRUK), BEAM Alliance (Biotechs from Europe innovating in anti-microbial resistance), ReAct – Action on Antibiotics, Compassion in World Farming (CIWF),

Societies in Asia and Pacific:

Australian Society of Antimicrobials, Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases, The Philippine Society for Microbiology, Israel Society for Microbiology (ISM), Chinese Society for Microbiology (CSM), Iranian Society of Microbiology

Track 14: Clinical Trials of Antibiotics

Prescribing doctors are, progressively, using clinical trial data as a major source of information for evidence-based medicine for the remedy of infectious diseases, as in other clinical disciplines. However, it may be difficult to excerpt from these data the material that is needed for the management of the individual patient. At the same time, clinical trial testimony have been used, probably satisfactorily, in the process of drug registration, and the pharmaceutical industry has spent progressively large amount of money to satisfy the needs of this process. In the face of all these problems, switch in the way antibiotic clinical trials are designed and performed are clearly necessary, although this must not disturb the balance so far as to restore them less useful for those who currently derive greatest benefit from them.

Antibiotics Conferences | Antibiotics Meetings | Antibiotic Resistance Conferences | Antibiotics 2018 Conferences

Relevant Conferences:

10^th Congress on Pharmacology during Jul 30-Aug 01, 2018 at Barcelona, Spain; 6^th Conference on Advanced Clinical Research and Clinical Trials during September 10-11, 2018 at Zurich, Switzerland; 9^th European Immunology Conference during June 14-16, 2018 at Rome, Italy; Antibiotics Conferences 2018 USA; 8^th Global Summit on Microbiology during February 22-23, 2018 at Paris, France; 12^th Congress on Pharmaceutical Sciences during February 26- 27, 2018 at London, UK; 5^th Congress on Infectious Diseases during March 1-2, 2018 at Berlin, Germany; 7^th European Biosimilars Congress during April 26-27, 2018 at Rome, Italy; 13^th European Pharma Congress during May 07-09, 2018 at Frankfurt, Germany; 9^th Conference on Pharmacovigilance during Jun 21-22, 2018 at London, UK; 9^th Meeting on Neuropharmacology during Jun 18-19, 2018 at Paris, France

ASM Microbe Conference 2018 during June 7-11 at Atlanta, USA; Bacterial Persistence and Antimicrobial Therapy Conference during June 10- 14, 2018 at Ascona, Switzerland; New Antibacterial Discovery Conference during March 11-16, 2018 at California, USA; Antibiotics Conferences 2018 Asia; Fighting Antibiotic Resistance Conference during March 19-21 2018, at Paris, France; 28^th European Congress on Clinical Microbiology Conference during April 21- 24 2018 at Madrid, Spain

Related Societies:

Societies in USA:

Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics (APUA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Transatlantic task force on urgent antimicrobial resistance (TATFAR), Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership (GARP), Center for a Livable Future (CLF), Infectious Diseases Society of America

Societies in Europe:

The World Alliance Against Antibiotic Resistance (WAAAR), Antibiotic Research UK (ANTRUK), BEAM Alliance (Biotechs from Europe innovating in anti-microbial resistance), ReAct – Action on Antibiotics, Compassion in World Farming (CIWF),

Societies in Asia and Pacific:

Australian Society of Antimicrobials, Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases, The Philippine Society for Microbiology, Israel Society for Microbiology (ISM), Chinese Society for Microbiology (CSM), Iranian Society of Microbiology

Track 15: Antibiotics and Mechanism of Action

Antibacterial action customarily falls within one of four mechanisms, three of which involve the inhibition or regulation of enzymes tangled in cell wall biosynthesis, nucleic acid metabolism and repair, or protein synthesis, respectively. The fourth mechanism associates the interruption of membrane structure. Many of these cellular functions targeted by antibiotics are most effective in multiplying cells. Since there is often overlap in these functions between eukaryotic mammalian cells and prokaryotic bacterial cells, it is not surprising that some antibiotics have also been found to be useful as anticancer agents.

Antibiotics Conferences | Antibiotics Meetings | Antibiotic Resistance Conferences | Antibiotics 2018 Conferences

Relevant Conferences:

6^th Conference on Advanced Clinical Research and Clinical Trials during September 10-11, 2018 at Zurich, Switzerland; Antibiotics Conferences 2018 USA; 9^th European Immunology Conference during June 14-16, 2018 at Rome, Italy; 8^th Global Summit on Microbiology during February 22-23, 2018 at Paris, France; 12^th Congress on Pharmaceutical Sciences during February 26- 27, 2018 at London, UK; 5^th Congress on Infectious Diseases during March 1-2, 2018 at Berlin, Germany; 7^th European Biosimilars Congress during April 26-27, 2018 at Rome, Italy; 13^th European Pharma Congress during May 07-09, 2018 at Frankfurt, Germany; 9^th Conference on Pharmacovigilance during Jun 21-22, 2018 at London, UK; 9^th Meeting on Neuropharmacology during Jun 18-19, 2018 at Paris, France; 10^th Congress on Pharmacology during Jul 30-Aug 01, 2018 at Barcelona, Spain

Bacterial Persistence and Antimicrobial Therapy Conference during June 10- 14, 2018 at Ascona, Switzerland; Antibiotics Conferences 2018 Asia; New Antibacterial Discovery Conference during March 11-16, 2018 at California, USA; Fighting Antibiotic Resistance Conference during March 19-21 2018, at Paris, France; 28^th European Congress on Clinical Microbiology Conference during April 21- 24 2018 at Madrid, Spain; ASM Microbe Conference 2018 during June 7-11 at Atlanta, USA

Related Societies:

Societies in USA:

Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics (APUA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Transatlantic task force on urgent antimicrobial resistance (TATFAR), Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership (GARP), Center for a Livable Future (CLF), Infectious Diseases Society of America

Societies in Europe:

The World Alliance Against Antibiotic Resistance (WAAAR), Antibiotic Research UK (ANTRUK), BEAM Alliance (Biotechs from Europe innovating in anti-microbial resistance), ReAct – Action on Antibiotics, Compassion in World Farming (CIWF),

Societies in Asia and Pacific:

Australian Society of Antimicrobials, Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases, The Philippine Society for Microbiology, Israel Society for Microbiology (ISM), Chinese Society for Microbiology (CSM), Iranian Society of Microbiology

Track 16: Antibiotic Regulatory Affairs

 Regulatory affairs (RA), are also called as government affairs, is a profession within regulated industries, such as medical devices, pharmaceuticals etc. Regulatory affairs also have a very specific meaning within the healthcare industries (medical devices, functional foods, biologics and pharmaceuticals). Regulatory affairs (medical affairs) professionals (aka regulatory professionals) generally have the duty for the following general areas: Ensuring that the companies obey with all of the regulations and laws pertaining to their business.

Antibiotics Conferences | Antibiotics Meetings | Antibiotic Resistance Conferences | Antibiotics 2018 Conferences

Relevant Conferences:

9^th European Immunology Conference during June 14-16, 2018 at Rome, Italy; 8^th Global Summit on Microbiology during February 22-23, 2018 at Paris, France; 12^th Congress on Pharmaceutical Sciences during February 26- 27, 2018 at London, UK; 5^th Congress on Infectious Diseases during March 1-2, 2018 at Berlin, Germany; 7^th European Biosimilars Congress during April 26-27, 2018 at Rome, Italy; 13^th European Pharma Congress during May 07-09, 2018 at Frankfurt, Germany; Antibiotics Conferences 2018 USA; 9^th Conference on Pharmacovigilance during Jun 21-22, 2018 at London, UK; 9^th Meeting on Neuropharmacology during Jun 18-19, 2018 at Paris, France; 10^th Congress on Pharmacology during Jul 30-Aug 01, 2018 at Barcelona, Spain; 6^th Conference on Advanced Clinical Research and Clinical Trials during September 10-11, 2018 at Zurich, Switzerland

New Antibacterial Discovery Conference during March 11-16, 2018 at California, USA; Fighting Antibiotic Resistance Conference during March 19-21 2018, at Paris, France; Antibiotics Conferences 2018 Asia; 28^th European Congress on Clinical Microbiology Conference during April 21- 24 2018 at Madrid, Spain; ASM Microbe Conference 2018 during June 7-11 at Atlanta, USA; Bacterial Persistence and Antimicrobial Therapy Conference during June 10- 14, 2018 at Ascona, Switzerland

Related Societies:

Societies in USA:

Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics (APUA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Transatlantic task force on urgent antimicrobial resistance (TATFAR), Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership (GARP), Center for a Livable Future (CLF), Infectious Diseases Society of America

Societies in Europe:

The World Alliance Against Antibiotic Resistance (WAAAR), Antibiotic Research UK (ANTRUK), BEAM Alliance (Biotechs from Europe innovating in anti-microbial resistance), ReAct – Action on Antibiotics, Compassion in World Farming (CIWF),

Societies in Asia and Pacific:

Australian Society of Antimicrobials, Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases, The Philippine Society for Microbiology, Israel Society for Microbiology (ISM), Chinese Society for Microbiology (CSM), Iranian Society of Microbiology

Track 17: Antibiotics: Market Analysis and Business Opportunities

The global antibiotics market was valued at $39.6 billion in 2013 and is expected to reach $41.2 billion by 2018, at a CAGR of 0.8%. From, 2005 this market is seen to grow at an annual rate of 6.6% until 2011. There are many companies producing antibiotics these days and there are many other antibiotics present in the market such as aminoglycoside antibiotics and it cap around 79% of the global demand. Moreover, the other antibiotics such as penicillin have 8%, streptomycin 1%, chloramnphenicol 1 %, tetracyclines 4%, erythromycin has 7%, market.

Antibiotics Conferences | Antibiotics Meetings | Antibiotic Resistance Conferences | Antibiotics 2018 Conferences

Relevant Conferences:

13^th European Pharma Congress during May 07-09, 2018 at Frankfurt, Germany; Antibiotics Conferences 2018 USA; 9^th Conference on Pharmacovigilance during Jun 21-22, 2018 at London, UK; 9^th Meeting on Neuropharmacology during Jun 18-19, 2018 at Paris, France; 10^th Congress on Pharmacology during Jul 30-Aug 01, 2018 at Barcelona, Spain; 6^th Conference on Advanced Clinical Research and Clinical Trials during September 10-11, 2018 at Zurich, Switzerland; 9^th European Immunology Conference during June 14-16, 2018 at Rome, Italy; 8^th Global Summit on Microbiology during February 22-23, 2018 at Paris, France; 12^th Congress on Pharmaceutical Sciences during February 26- 27, 2018 at London, UK; 5^th Congress on Infectious Diseases during March 1-2, 2018 at Berlin, Germany; 7^th European Biosimilars Congress during April 26-27, 2018 at Rome, Italy

28^th European Congress on Clinical Microbiology Conference during April 21- 24 2018 at Madrid, Spain; Antibiotics Conferences 2018 Asia; ASM Microbe Conference 2018 during June 7-11 at Atlanta, USA; Bacterial Persistence and Antimicrobial Therapy Conference during June 10- 14, 2018 at Ascona, Switzerland; New Antibacterial Discovery Conference during March 11-16, 2018 at California, USA; Fighting Antibiotic Resistance Conference during March 19-21 2018, at Paris, France

Related Societies:

Societies in USA:

Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics (APUA), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Transatlantic task force on urgent antimicrobial resistance (TATFAR), Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership (GARP), Center for a Livable Future (CLF), Infectious Diseases Society of America

Societies in Europe:

The World Alliance Against Antibiotic Resistance (WAAAR), Antibiotic Research UK (ANTRUK), BEAM Alliance (Biotechs from Europe innovating in anti-microbial resistance), ReAct – Action on Antibiotics, Compassion in World Farming (CIWF),

Societies in Asia and Pacific:

Australian Society of Antimicrobials, Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases, The Philippine Society for Microbiology, Israel Society for Microbiology (ISM), Chinese Society for Microbiology (CSM), Iranian Society of Microbiology