Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance

Biography

Biography: Anna Malm

Abstract

The spread of bacterial resistance is an increasingly serious threat to global public health, being a worldwide problem. There are high proportions of resistant bacteria that cause not only serious nosocomial diseases but also common community acquired infections. The dual-action/targeting concept can be regarded as one of the solutions to overcome the problem of growing bacterial resistance. The various hybrid antibacterial agents have been developed and described, including a series of 1, 2, 4-triazole-ciprofloxacin hybrids obtained by a molecular hybridization of ciprofloxacin and different 1, 2, 4-triazole derivatives. These hybrids showed good inhibitory effect against Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, S. aureus ATCC 6538, methicillin-resistant S. aureus MRSA Microbank 14001, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228, Micrococcus luteus ATCC 10240, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6638 and Bacillus cereus ATCC 10876 as well as Gram negative bacteria, including Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, Proteus mirabilis ATCC 12453, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 and Haemophilus influenzae ATCC 10211. A number of these compounds displayed enhanced potency as compared with ciprofloxacin. The results of enzymatic assays have proven that stronger antibacterial activity of novel 1, 2, 4-triazole-ciprofloxacin hybrids (as compared to ciprofloxacin) cannot be caused by the increased affinity towards bacterial type II topoisomerases; the analyzed compounds demonstrated other preferences towards primary and secondary molecular targets than ciprofloxacin. These hybrids were found to be active not only against planktonic cells but also against biofilm forming cells of Haemophilus spp. The 1, 2, 4-triazole-ciprofloxacin hybrids may be considered as starting compounds for designing of the agents with improved antibacterial activity, including anti-biofilm properties