Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance

Pharmacology & Toxicology

Pharmacology and toxicology are two closely related fields that study the effects of drugs and other chemicals on living organisms. Pharmacology focuses on understanding how drugs interact with the body to produce therapeutic effects. It involves studying drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, as well as their mechanisms of action and potential side effects. Pharmacologists also investigate drug-drug interactions and develop new medications to treat various medical conditions. Toxicology, on the other hand, examines the adverse effects of chemicals on living organisms. It involves studying the toxic properties of substances, including drugs, environmental pollutants, and industrial chemicals. Toxicologists aim to understand the mechanisms of toxicity, identify potential hazards, and evaluate the risks associated with exposure to these substances. They also develop strategies to prevent or minimize toxic effects and ensure the safety of drugs and other products.